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Article History

Received: 8 December 2025

Accepted: 4 March 2026

First Online: 11 March 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures involving the Pied Crow ( Corvus albus ) were conducted in accordance with institutional and national guidelines for wildlife handling and research in Nigeria. Ethical approval for capture and scientific use was granted by the Animal Care Committee of the National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria (Approval No. NVRI/AEC/03/11622). Field activities complied with Nigerian wildlife regulations under the Federal Department of Forestry and relevant state environmental authorities, under which non-protected species obtained within approved institutional research and surveillance activities do not require individual wildlife collection permits. The specimen formed part of the Humboldt Research Hub for Zoonotic Arbovirus Diseases (HRH-ZAD) wildlife surveillance programme.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.