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Authors
Cissé, Abdoulaye https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7845-2800
Dossouvi, Komla Mawunyo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0967-5314
Sow, Ousmane
Ndiaye, Issa
Wane, Abdoul Aziz
Ba, Bissoume Sambe
Camara, Makhtar
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Article History
Received: 21 November 2025
Accepted: 26 June 2026
First Online: 8 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study has received the Ethical Research approval of the Ministry of Health and Social Action of Senegal under the reference “00000002 MSAS/CNERS/SP”, Protocol ID: SEN21/70. As the three-sample collection sites were public land, the permissions for sampling on the lands have also been given by the Ministry of Health and Social Action of Senegal under the same reference “00000002 MSAS/CNERS/SP”. Wastewater sample collection was conducted following institutional, national, and international guidelines.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
