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Article History

Received: 14 February 2019

Accepted: 15 April 2019

First Online: 3 May 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The laryngeal cancer study was approved by the ethics committees of the Medical University in Heidelberg and the State Medical Boards of Baden-Wuerttemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate. All patients gave their written informed consent. Ethical clearance was received by the ethical committee of the University of Heidelberg (Ethic commission S-141/2008 Medical Faculty), and informed consent was obtained from the participants through collaborating physicians.Normal control head and neck mucosa samples were obtained from the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heidelberg, via the tissue bank of the NCT Tissue Bank, Heidelberg, Germany. The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee (207/2005 and 206/2005).The patients in the validation set for CRC were referred to the Hereditary Gastrointestinal Cancer Genetic Diagnosis Laboratory, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, for genetic diagnosis with informed consent. In addition, the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University of Hong Kong/Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster has waived the requirement for informed consent for the study of archival specimen and their use in an anonymous nature.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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