Pamart, Dorian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1276-6364
Cuvelier, Brieuc
Govaerts, Adrien
Chapelier, Muriel
Herzog, Marielle https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1311-101X
Retter, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-6404
Bygott, Thomas https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7017-1929
Turatsinze, Jean-Valery https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9492-6274
Berman, Benjamin P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2099-9005
Micallef, Jacob https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3113-399X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Service Public de Wallonie
Article History
Received: 6 November 2025
Accepted: 12 July 2026
First Online: 21 July 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: With the exception of J.-V.T., B.P.B., and A.G., all authors are current employees of Volition. B.P.B. was a consultant with Volition at the time the work was performed. M.C., B.P.B., M.H., A.R., T.B. and J.M. are shareholders of Volition. A patent application has been filed for aspects of the methods disclosed here.
Ethical approval: Blood samples obtained from patients and healthy donors were sourced from certified biobanks, BioIVT and Indivumed, conforming to the Declaration of Helsinki and the Belmont Report with written informed consent. Patient samples purchased from BioIVT LLC were collected under approval from the IRB board at WCG relating to the study titled Prospective Collection of Biological Specimens from Subjects Presenting at Specimen Donation Centers for Research, sponsored by Seratrials LLC. Patient samples purchased from Indivumed GmbH were collected under approval from the IRB board Ethik-Kommission der Arztekammer Hamburg relating to the study titled Indivumed Biospecimen Bank, sponsored by Indivumed Inc.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.