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Article History

Received: 27 October 2023

Accepted: 21 March 2024

First Online: 8 April 2024

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the VU Medical Center Medical Ethical Committee and the local Medical Ethical Committee in all five participating medical centers. All patients provided written informed consent to participate and for their data to be used for research purposes.

: Not applicable.

: HRM performed contract research for Combinostics; all funding was paid to her institution. WF performs contract research for Biogen. Research programs of WF have been funded by ZonMW, NWO, EU-FP7, EU-JPND, Alzheimer Nederland, CardioVascular Onderzoek Nederland, Health~Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health, stichting Dioraphte, Gieskes-Strijbis fonds, stichting Equilibrio, Pasman stichting, stichting Alzheimer & Neuropsychiatrie Foundation, Philips, Biogen MA Inc, Novartis-NL, Life-MI, AVID, Roche BV, Eisai, Fujifilm, Combinostics. WF holds the Pasman chair. WF and LNCV are recipients of ABOARD, which is a public-private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (#73305095007) and Health~Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). WF has performed contract research for Biogen MA Inc, and Boehringer Ingelheim. WF has been an invited speaker at Boehringer Ingelheim, Biogen MA Inc, Danone, Eisai, WebMD Neurology (Medscape), Springer Healthcare. WF is consultant to Oxford Health Policy Forum CIC, Roche, and Biogen MA Inc. WF participated in advisory boards of Biogen MA Inc and Roche. All funding is paid to her institution. WF was associate editor of Alzheimer, Research & Therapy in 2020/2021. WF is associate editor at Brain. Jyrki Lötjönen reports that Combinostics owns the following IPR related to the article: 1. J. Koikkalainen and J. Lötjönen. A method for inferring the state of a system, US 7,840,510 B2. 2. J. Lötjönen, J. Koikkalainen, and J. Mattila. State Inference in a heterogeneous system, US 10,372,786 B2. Lötjönen is shareholder in Combinostics. Leonie Visser (LNCV) has been invited speaker for the Schwabe Group, and her research has been funded by ZonMW, Health Holland, Esai, the Amsterdam Public Health research institute, and Alzheimer Nederland. All fees and funding are paid to her institution.