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Article History

Received: 4 April 2025

Accepted: 16 July 2025

First Online: 25 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Gothenburg. All participants gave written informed consent. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

: All participants gave written informed consent.

: AD, MW, UA, TS, AZ, NS and FA report no disclosure.SK has served at scientific advisory boards, speaker and / or as consultant for Roche, Eli Lilly, Geras Solutions, Optoceutics, Biogen, Eisai, Merry Life, Triolab, Novo Nordisk and Bioarctic, unrelated to present study content.HZ has served at scientific advisory boards and/or as a consultant for Abbvie, Alector, Annexon, Artery Therapeutics, AZTherapies, CogRx, Denali, Eisai, Nervgen, Novo Nordisk, Pinteon Therapeutics, Red Abbey Labs, Passage Bio, Roche, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Triplet Therapeutics, and Wave, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Cellectricon, Fujirebio, Alzecure, Biogen, and Roche, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program.KB has served as a consultant, at advisory boards, or at data monitoring committees for Abcam, Axon, BioArctic, Biogen, JOMDD/Shimadzu. Julius Clinical, Lilly, MagQu, Novartis, Ono Pharma, Pharmatrophix, Prothena, Roche Diagnostics, and Siemens Healthineers, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program, outside the work presented in this paper.