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Authors
Alwafi, Hassan
Thalib, Husna Irfan
Jamal, Ayesha
Alsanosi, Safaa M.
Naser, Abdallah Y.
Aldhahir, Abdulelah M.
Alqarni, Abdullah A.
Alqahtani, Jaber S.
Alghamdi, Saeed M.
Dairi, Mohammad Saleh
Badr, Omaima Ibrahim
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Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 17 November 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the institutional ethics board at the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia (IRB No. H-02-K-076–0523–951). Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for written informed consent was waived. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and local regulatory guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
