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Authors
Metwally, Ammal M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0575-5202
Salah El-Din, Ebtissam M.
Sami, Samia M.
Abdelraouf, Ehab R.
Sallam, Sara F.
Elsaeid, Amal
El-Saied, Mostafa M.
Ashaat, Engy A.
Fathy, Asmaa M.
El-Hariri, Hazem M.
Elshaarawy, Ghada A.
Nassar, Maysa S.
Shehata, Manal A.
El-Alameey, Inas R.
Bassiouni, Randa I.
Abdou, Mohamed H.
Helmy, Mona A.
Elghareeb, Nahed A.
AbdAllah, Mohamed
Rabah, Thanaa M.
Salama, Somia I.
Saleh, Rehan M.
El Etreby, Lobna A.
Elmosalami, Dalia M.
Eltahlawy, Eman
Zeid, Dina Abu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (13893)
National Research Centre Egypt
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Article History
Received: 9 December 2024
Accepted: 7 May 2025
First Online: 29 May 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted after getting the approval of the Medical Research Ethics Committee of the National Research Centre with an ethical approval number of 17034. Written informed consent was taken from the parents/guardians of all children enrolled in the study. For participants who were unable to write, a right thumbprint was used as a signature. The study was fully voluntary, and data was collected in a confidential manner. Data were de-identified and stored in a safe location. The conduct of the study complied with the International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects []. The information disclosure for “Making sure parents/guardians understand” was guaranteed according to the recommendations of the Egyptian patients and guardians’ perception that clinical informed consent is the preferred purpose for Informed Consent practices []
: Not applicable.
: All authors report no conflict of interest. “No financial or non-financial benefits have been received or will be received from any party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this manuscript.
