Naval-Baudin, Pablo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8714-0764
Bermúdez Bravo, William F. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3544-5635
Pineda-Borja, Vanessa I. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0547-7249
Arroyo-Pereiro, Pablo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0632-4850
Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4036-0284
Romero-Pinel, Lucía https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-0565
Mora, Paloma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1855-9123
Calvo, Nahum https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4284-2620
Martínez-Yélamos, Antonio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3725-0180
Martínez-Yélamos, Sergio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9889-2040
Cos, Mònica https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0827-7170
Pons-Escoda, Albert https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4167-8291
Majós, Carles https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0468-5150
Funding for this research was provided by:
Institut de Diagnostic per la Imatge (PREDOC IDI 22)
Article History
Received: 29 May 2025
Accepted: 5 September 2025
First Online: 3 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge (Barcelona, Spain).
: It is not applicable (the manuscript does not contain identifiable human images, videos, or other personal data); written informed consent was waived because the work is a retrospective analysis of fully anonymised data (approval code PR192/24).
: P.N.B. and I.M.Z. own stock in Tensor Medical, S.L.; the company had no role in the design, conduct, or funding of this study. S.M.Y. and A.M.Y. report that their institution (Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge/IDIBELL) has received research-dedicated support during the past 3 years from Almirall, Bayer, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Genzyme, Horizon/Amgen, Janssen, Kern Pharma, Lilly, Merck, Neuraxpharm, Novartis, Roche, Sandoz and Sanofi, and that they have received congress-travel support from Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Roche and Sandoz. All remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.