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Authors
Liu, Xianwei
Xiao, Zhengguang
Min, Qinghua
Wu, Tianhao
Xing, Yue
Hu, Yangfan
Ding, Defang
Dai, Shun
Lu, Junjie
Yang, Jiarui
Li, Yue
Song, Yang
Lu, Minda
Chu, Jingshen
Zhang, Huan
Yao, Weiwu
Zhong, Jingyu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-2294
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82302183, 82471935, 82271934)
Research Found of Health Commission of Shanghai Municipality (20244Y0214)
Research Found of Science and Technology Commission of Changing District, Shanghai Municipality (CNKW2024Y07)
Research Found of Health Commission of Changing District, Shanghai Municipality (2023QN01)
Laboratory Open Fund of Key Technology and Materials in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (2024JZWC-ZDA04, 2024JZWC-YBA07)
Research Fund of Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (TR2024RC16, TRKYRC-XX202204, TRYJ2021JC06, TRYXJH18, TRYXJH28)
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Article History
Received: 15 June 2025
Accepted: 11 September 2025
First Online: 16 October 2025
Declarations
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: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (K2024-083-01).
: Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.
: Dr. Jingyu Zhong acknowledges his position as a member of the Scientific Editorial Board of European Radiology, Insights into Imaging, American Journal of Roentgenology, and BMC Medical Imaging. He has therefore not taken part in the review or selection process of this paper. Dr. Yang Song and Ms. Minda Lu are employees of Siemens Healthineers Ltd. However, they do technical support under Siemens collaboration regulation without any payment or personal concern regarding this study. They neither had access nor control over the data acquisition and analysis. All other authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.
