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Authors
Chen, Haonan
Cai, Lingkai
Zhuang, Juntao
Tao, Yiran
Tan, Zhengye
Yu, Hao
Chen, Chang
Wu, Qikai
Cao, Qiang
Liang, Bo
Li, Pengchao
Yang, Xiao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-9162
Lu, Qiang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-2507
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82273152)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2024M761211)
Nanjing Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2024BHS210)
Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (2024ZD0525700)
Jiangsu Province Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University) Clinical Capacity Enhancement Project (JSPH-MA-2022-5)
Jiangsu Health International Exchange Program
Jiangsu Province Capability Improvement Project through Science, Technology and Education (ZDXK202219)
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Article History
Received: 27 April 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
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: This multicenter, retrospective study received ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (No. 2024-SR-386) and Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (No. S187). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.
: The requirement for informed consent was waived. All patients have approved this manuscript for publication.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
