Zhang, Wen-tao
Gan, Hui
Luo, Wei
Zhao, Min
Ding, Can
Jiang, Xue-feng
Fu, Ting
Lv, Fa-jin
Chu, Zhi-gang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4016-7270
Funding for this research was provided by:
Joint Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission and Chongqing Public Health Commission (2025GDRC011)
Article History
Received: 19 November 2025
Revised: 20 April 2026
Accepted: 26 April 2026
First Online: 16 May 2026
Declarations
:
: This multi-center retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (NO. 2025-117-01, approved on January 27, 2025), the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (NO. 2022-196-01, approved on May 13, 2022), and Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital (2023 NO.104, approved on May 8, 2023).
: All the images, tables, and recordings are consented to be published. The requirement for informed consent from the patients was waived due to the retrospective nature of this study.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.