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Article History

Received: 22 November 2025

Revised: 22 February 2026

Accepted: 9 April 2026

First Online: 14 May 2026

Declarations

:

: This retrospective study complies with the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy guidelines and was approved by the institutional review board of the Charité (EA1/271/16 und EA2/033/18) with waiver of written informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: C.A.H. receives funding from the Berlin Institute of Health (Digital Clinician Scientist Grant), Siemens Healthineers, and the German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space (BMFTR) Network of University Medicine 3.0 (“NUM 3.0”, Grant No. 01KX2524) and previously received seed funding from the University Medicine Greifswald and speaker fees from Siemens Healthineers, Bayer AG, Koelis AG, and Bracco Imaging Deutschland outside the submitted work and is on the advisory board of Lucida Medical. P.A. reported payments from the Professional Association of the German Radiologist (BDR e. V.) for quality assessment of prostate MRIs and travel funding from the European Society of Radiology (ESR), Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft (DRG), Norddeutsche Röntgengesellschaft, Kongressverein für Radiologische Diagnostik e. V., Deutsche Gesellschaft für Urologie (DGU) and Int. Cancer Imaging Society (ICIS). Moreover, he is a member of the guideline panel of the German S3 guideline on prostate cancer (delegate of the Professional Association of the German Radiologists (BDR e. V.; unpaid). T.P. also receives funding from the Berlin Institute of Health (Advanced Clinician Scientist Grant, Platform Grant), the Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, 01KX2121 (“NUM 2.0”, RACOON), 68GX21001A, 01ZZ2315D, “NUM 3.0”, 01KX2524), the German Research Foundation (DFG, SFB 1340/2), and the European Union (H2020, CHAIMELEON: 952172, DIGITAL, EUCAIM:101100633). Furthermore, T.P. declares relationships with the following companies: research agreements (no personal payments) with AGO, Aprea AB, AR-CAGY-GINECO, Astellas Pharma Global Inc. (APGD), Astra Zeneca, Clovis Oncology, Inc., Holaira, Incyte Corporation, Karyopharm, Lion Biotechnologies, Inc., MedImmune, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morphotec Inc., NovoCure Ltd., PharmaMar S.A. and PharmaMar USA, Inc., Roche, Siemens Healthineers, and TESARO Inc.; fees for a book translation (Elsevier B.V.); and fees for speaking engagements (Bayer Healthcare).