Li, Wei
Du, He
Wu, Shixing
Wang, Jingyi
Song, Nan
Wan, Ziwei
Wu, Fengying
Shi, Jingyun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-7818
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82203062)
Article History
Received: 8 January 2026
Revised: 26 May 2026
Accepted: 13 June 2026
First Online: 23 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital (IRB no. K25-871), which waived the requirement for informed consent.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.