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Article History

Received: 6 May 2024

Accepted: 27 November 2024

First Online: 5 December 2024

Declarations

:

: Richard H. Finnell was formerly associated with TeratOmic Consulting, a now defunct organization. He also receives travel funds for editorial board meetings of the journal Reproductive and Developmental Medicine.

: Ex vivo studies were conducted following the approved protocol #AN-7618 established by Baylor College of Medicine’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) in accordance with the guidelines of the Animal Welfare Act and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, as well as adhering to the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0. Animal protocol title “Intervention strategies for non-folate responsive neural tube defects”, approval date 11/17/2023. In vivo studies were conducted following approved protocol #AN-9175 entitled “Biomimetic therapeutics for congenital malformations”, approval date 10/04/2023. Human amniotic fluid stem cells were procured from Cellprogen. The human tissues used by Celprogen for isolation of cell cultures is ethically sourced under IRB protocols, with informed donor consent, and in compliance with HIPAA, HITECH, the Declaration of Helsinki, the European Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, and the UK's Human Tissue Act (as reported in the Celprogen Biomedical Ethical Standards document ().

: All authors confirm their consent for publication.