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Article History

Received: 6 January 2025

Accepted: 14 May 2025

First Online: 30 May 2025

Declarations

:

: This study includes samples from both humans and animals. The isolation of human cMSC from bone marrow samples was approved by three institutions: 1. The study titled “Bone Marrow Donation for Harvesting, Clinical Trial Researching, and Culturing of Stem Cell Therapeutics Bone Marrow-Derived Adult Stem Cells from Healthy Donors” received approval from the IRB of the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, with the approval number IRB No. KC15CSSE0336, dated December 14, 2014. 2. The study titled “Bone Marrow Donation for Harvesting and Culturing Bone Marrow-Derived Adult Stem Cells from Healthy Donors” was approved by the IRB of Inha University Hospital, with the approval number IRB No. 10–51, dated October 11, 2010. 3. The study titled “Clinical Grade Bone Marrow Collection for Clinical Research and/or Future Manufacturing of Human Cell Therapy Products” was approved by AllCells (Alameda, CA, USA), with the approval number IRB No. 949–542-3882, dated December 14, 2020. The use of PBMC from healthy donors has been approved. The study titled “Blood Donation from Healthy Donors for Analyzing the Immune Mechanism of Adult Stem Cells” received approval from the IRB of Inha University Hospital, with approval number IRB No. 2014–01-082–019, dated November 14, 2022. Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants. The “Efficacy Evaluation of Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis” study received approval from the IACUC of Gachon University for the mouse experiments. The approval number is IACUC No. LCDI-2023–0054, dated June 14, 2023.

: All authors gave consent for publication.

: The authors have declared no competing interests.