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Article History

Received: 13 February 2025

Accepted: 16 June 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Declarations

:

: All procedures involving animals were performed in accordance with institutional guidelines in compliance with national (D.L.n.26, March 4, 2014), and international laws and policies (directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes). This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees of Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS and by the Italian Ministry of Health (approval number 581/2022-PR, issued on 03 October 2022) with the title “Valutazione del potenziale terapeutico di inibitori del complemento in un modello murino di COVID-19 indotto da iniezione di proteina Spike di SARS-CoV-2”.Fresh human UC-MSCs were collected from the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit at Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo (Bergamo, Italy) after obtaining ethical approval and written informed consent, as previously described [, ].HPMECs were purchased and the vendor declared that cells were isolated from donated human tissues after obtaining permission for their use in in research applications by informed consent or legal authorization.Whole blood specimens from healthy donors were purchased and the vendor declared that all materials were collected with IRB/IEC/regulatory approval, using informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.