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Article History

Received: 16 May 2025

Accepted: 16 October 2025

First Online: 12 November 2025

Declarations

:

: iPSC-sEVs were obtained from the serum-free supernatant of Human iPSC Line nciPS01(RC01001-A, Male, Shownin Biotechnologies Co., Ltd). K562 was purchased from the Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. NK92 was purchased from Whelab Cell Bank. All cell lines were obtained with documented ethical compliance, including institutional ethics approval and donor informed consent. The animal care and experimental procedures were approved by the Animal Research Committee of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital (Title: Research on the Mechanism of Stem Cell derived EVs in Regulating and Preventing Age-related Degenerative Diseases; Diseases; Approval Number: DWSY2022-0165; Date of approval: 22/01/2022). This study is part of the research on improving age-related diseases by stem cell-derived EVs, and was conformed to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animal published by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH publication, 8th edition, 2011). Our experiment complied with the regulations of the guidelines for tumor research (NIH, Guidelines for Endpoints in Animal Study Proposals (2019).

: All the authors have approved the manuscript and agree with its publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.