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Authors
Zhao, Na
Guo, Zi-Zhen
Bai, Sheng-Feng
Gao, Ying-Feng
Lei, Jing
Li, Pei
Yu, Miao
Chen, Ji
Xu, Hao-Kun
Bao, Li-Hui
Ni, Hua
Jin, Yi-Hua
Qiu, Xin-Yu
Shuai, Yi
Wang, Qiao-Ning
Sui, Bing-Dong
Hu, Cheng-Hu
Zheng, Chen-Xi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Young Science and Technology Rising Star Project of Shaanxi Province (2024ZC-KJXX-122)
"Rapid Response" Research projects (2023KXKT090)
"Rapid Response" Research projects (2023KXKT017)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82401201)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32101096)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82100985)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82371020)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82301028)
Project of General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command (22LCZLXJS12)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M693954)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (BX20230485)
Project of State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration (2024MS04)
Project of State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration (2024KA01)
Shaanxi Provincial Health Research and Innovation Platform Construction Plan (2024PT-04)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFA1104400)
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Article History
Received: 2 September 2025
Accepted: 27 November 2025
First Online: 7 December 2025
Declarations
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: MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cords, which were collected immediately after delivery from donors at Xi’an No. 4 Hospital following the acquisition of written informed consent. Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Xi’an No. 4 Hospital (Reference No. 20190012; Approval Project Title: “Study on the Correlation of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Gestational Diabetes and Infant Metabolic Abnormalities”; Date of Approval: Aug 7, 2019). The laboratory animals were handled in accordance with the “Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals” and the “Animal Welfare Act in China”. The animal experiments were approved by the Medical and Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Northwestern Polytechnical University (Reference No. 202501153; Approval Project Title: “Application of Nucleic Acid-Based Novel Vesicular Biomaterials in Skin Regeneration”; Date of Approval: May 6, 2025).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
