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Authors
Qi, Yi
Kawabori, Masahito
Yamaguchi, Sho
Nakahara, Yo
Li, Zheng
Ohtsuki, Sumio
Fujimura, Miki
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (20K09382, 23K08535)
Japan Science and Technology Agency (SPRING (JPMJSP2119))
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (BINDS (24ama121018))
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Article History
Received: 12 January 2026
Accepted: 9 April 2026
First Online: 24 April 2026
Declarations
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: Animal protocols were approved by the Animal Studies Ethics Committee of the Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine. Experimental title: basic experiment of stem cell treatment for brain disease. Approval number: 21–0123. Date of approval: 2022/11/14. All experimental procedures were conducted following the Institutional Guidelines for Animal Experimentation and the Guidelines for Proper Conduct of Animal Experiments by the Science Council of Japan. All animals were housed in standard polypropylene cages (typically 2–3 rats per cage) under specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions. The animal facility was maintained at a temperature of 22 ± 2 °C, with relative humidity of 50–60% and a 12-hour light/dark cycle. Rats had ad libitum access to autoclaved food and water. Animals were monitored daily for health and welfare.
: All authors agreed to submit the manuscript, read and approved the final draft and take full responsibility of its content, including the accuracy of the data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
