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Article History

Received: 10 November 2023

Accepted: 3 February 2025

First Online: 14 March 2025

Declarations

:

: The National Statistical Services of Togo, provided ethical clearance for household surveys. All participants in surveys provided informed, signed consent. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Directorate of Scientific and Technical Research (DRST) of the University of Lomé (Togo). The written consent of respondents is sought and obtained if they are over 18 years of age. For minors between the ages of 10 and 17, written consent from parents or legal representatives is sought and obtained in addition to the subject's assent prior to the administration of any questionnaire.

: Not required.

: The authors declare no competing interests.