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Authors
Lu, Qiangsheng
Peng, Jie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8186-1512
Ma, Zongwu
Yuan, Lvfeng
Zhao, Zhipeng
Jia, Shangdong
Tian, Meijuan
Tian, Huibin
Zhang, Xiaoxue
Zeng, Qiaoying
Wang, Weimin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Major Project Funding (26ZDNA003)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (3244100920)
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Article History
Received: 19 February 2026
Accepted: 16 June 2026
First Online: 7 July 2026
Declarations
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: All animal procedures in this study were carried out in compliance with the ethical standards set by the institution or practice. Ethical approval for the collection of nasal swabs was granted under number GSAU-Eth-VMC-2023-034, and for the subsequent pathogen challenge assays under number GSAU-Eth-VMC-2024-039, both by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Gansu Agricultural University. The study adhered to the ARRIVE guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
