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Authors
Emara Rabee, Alaa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4515-1075
Ghandour, Moustafa Mohamed M.
Sallam, Ahmed M.
Raef, Osama
Elwakeel, Eman A.
Sabra, Ebrahim A.
Abdel-Wahed, Adel M.
Abo Bakr, Salah
Saad ElSamahy, Hanan
Amin Hamed, Amal
Lamara, Mebarek
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Desert Research Center
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Article History
Received: 9 May 2025
Accepted: 4 July 2025
First Online: 21 July 2025
Declarations
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: The experiment was conducted under the guidelines of the Animal Care and Use Committee in the Division of Animal and Poultry Production, Desert Research Center, Egypt, and Research Ethics Review Committee, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Egypt (Reference: Alex. Agri. 082305307). All methods and protocols in this study comply with the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines and the EU standards for the protection of animals. Sample size was decided based on the availability of animals with similar physical and physiological status. The experiment does not include animal euthanasia and all animals were released to the goat herd after the end of the experiment.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
