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Article History

Received: 19 February 2020

Accepted: 14 May 2020

First Online: 24 May 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: MLNGM is a member of the medical advisory Board of Pulsion Medical Systems (now fully integrated in Getinge, Solna, Sweden) and Serenno Medical (Tel Aviv, Israel), consults for Baxter, Maltron, ConvaTec, Acelity, Spiegelberg and Holtech Medical. NVR has received speaker’s fees from Baxter Belgium and resided in a medical advisory board organized by Baxter Healthcare, US. PE is a member of the executive committee of IFA, founder of acidbase.org, and has received speaker’s fees from Baxter Belgium and an unrestricted education grant from BBraun. TL has received speaker’s fees from Bbraun. RGH holds a research grant from Grifols for the study of 20% albumin. MM is Director of the UCL Discovery Lab. His University Chair is sponsored by Smiths Medical. He is Co-Director Duke-UCL Consortium (The Morpheus Project); a paid Consultant for Deltex Medical and Edwards Lifesciences; a Director of the Bloomsbury Innovation Group (BiG); a Director and Chair of Evidence Based Perioperative Medicine (EBPOM) Community Interest Company; Share holder and Scientific Advisor Medical Defense Technologies LLC (Gastrostim and Entarik); Share holder and Director Clinical Hydration Solutions ltd (Patent holder “QUENCH”); GIFTASUP guidelines—Senior Author; NICE—Expert Advsior IV Fluids—Guideline 174. PC has received speaker’s fees from Bbraun, Baxter, and Octapharma and resided in the Critical Care Scientific Advisory Committee organized by Werfen group, and in a medical advisory board organized by Baxter. The other authors have no potential conflict of interest with regard to the content of this review paper.