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Article History

Received: 10 November 2020

Accepted: 27 January 2021

First Online: 3 February 2021

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The VIP2 study that includes this cohort of patients received ethical approval from all participating countries, as revealed in the original publication []. Briefly this included informed consent at admission in some countries, and this was not necessary in others because of the observational nature of the study. Some countries did require informed consent from raters, since they were in fact considered as “test persons” and this was approved when necessary. Ethical approval from Norway (the country of the PI) had the number 2018/87/REK sør-øst D.

: Not applicable.

: JCS declares that the Dept. of Intensive Care Medicine Bern has/had research and/or development/consulting contracts with (full disclosure): Orion Corporation, Abbott Nutrition International, B. Braun Medical AG, CSEM SA, Edwards Lifesciences Services GmbH/SA, Kenta Biotech Ltd, Maquet Critical Care AB, Omnicare Clinical Research AG, and Nestlé. Educational grants were received from Fresenius Kabi; GSK; MSD; Lilly; Baxter; Astellas; AstraZeneca; B. Braun Medical AG, CSL Behring, Maquet, Novartis, Covidien, Nycomed, Pierre Fabre Pharma (Roba Pharma); Pfizer, Orion Pharma. The money went into departmental funds. No personal financial gain applies. All other authors do not have any conflict of interest to declare related to this manuscript.