Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (No. 20202BABL206067)
Article History
Received: 7 September 2025
Revised: 3 January 2026
Accepted: 12 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Human participants adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. Permission to obtain extracted teeth for human PDLSCs was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanchang University (Permit No. 2023011).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.