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Article History

Received: 5 February 2025

Accepted: 3 November 2025

First Online: 30 December 2025

Declarations

:

: We plan to analyze existing research studies and do not intend to involve T2DM patients. Ethical approval was not required because this protocol does not involve human or animal subjects. All the data used is publicly available and does not contain identifiable personal information.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.