Zhou, Yan
Shi, Huiling
Zhao, Yanling
Ding, Wei
Han, Jing
Sun, Hongyang
Zhang, Xianheng
Tang, Chang
Zhang, Wei
Article History
Received: 19 January 2023
Accepted: 22 March 2023
First Online: 10 April 2023
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: No ethical approval is required, and the authors express their consent to participate in the paper.
: Authors provide consent for publication.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: The datasets analysed during the current study are available in the UNB and github repository, respectively: VPN-NonVPN Dataset (ISCXVPN2016) is: ExternalRef removed. The USTC – TFC 2016 dataset is: ExternalRef removed. All other data are available from the authors upon reasonable request.