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Article History

Received: 14 May 2025

Accepted: 23 July 2025

First Online: 13 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The committee of the Bahria University Karachi Campus confirmed that all experimental protocols were approved by the organization.

: It is confirmed that the experiments follow the criteria of ethics approval and consent to participates.

: No human subjects are harmed in this research, and we confirmed that all data shared with the participants. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: Not applicable.

: This paper’s author addressed the fact that there is no conflict between them.