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Authors
Zhang, Huan
Zhao, Junlong
Wang, Chenchen
Zhang, Jing
Zhu, Xiaojing
Li, Danxi
Han, Zheyi
Shang, Lei
Shi, Yongquan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82170560)
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Article History
Received: 12 October 2024
Accepted: 24 March 2025
First Online: 7 April 2025
Declarations
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: As the data used in this study were obtained from publicly available NHANES data, all data-related research had previously received approval from their respective ethical review committees and had obtained written informed consent from the participants. Consequently, this study does not require additional ethical approval.
: We used anonymous de-identified data that are publicly available from the NHANES. The NHANES obtained informed consent from all participants. Information related to this process can be found at We used anonymous de-identified data that are publicly available from the NHANES. The NHANES obtained informed consent from all participants.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
