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Authors
Alhawa, Eslam Abo
Presser, Elise
Zahwe, Amin
Faraj, Sary
Al-Hajj, Samar
Fares, Marwa
AlHalbi, Mohammad Fadi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Global Health Equity Scholars Program NIH FIC (D43TW010540)
Fogarty International Center of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (D43TW012202)
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Article History
Received: 3 March 2024
Accepted: 30 March 2025
First Online: 11 November 2025
Declarations
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: This research involved secondary data analysis and did not involve direct interaction with human participants or the collection of primary data. Therefore, consent to participate was not applicable. However, the clinic’s ethics committee approved access to de-identified data prior to data management and analysis (Application Code: 57892).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
