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Authors
Liu, Mengting
Zhang, Qiang
Wang, Lianke
Wang, Panpan
Qin, Ying
Zhou, Qianyu
Zhao, Mingyang
Wanyan, Tong
Sun, Changqing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Henan Provincial Natural Science Foundation (242300420377)
the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province (242102310234)
the 2023 Zhongyuan Talent Program (Yucai Series): Zhongyuan Cultural Leading Talent Project (33220063)
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Article History
Received: 16 June 2025
Accepted: 22 August 2025
First Online: 24 September 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the North West Multi-center Research Ethics Committee, the National Information Governance Board for Health and Social Care in England and Wales, and the Community Health Index Advisory Group in Scotland (). All participants provided written informed consent before participation in the study. Clinical trial number: not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
