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Authors
Chen, Xing
Zhang, Luying
Chen, Wen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72374049, 72342016)
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Article History
Received: 21 July 2025
Accepted: 4 October 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study involving human participants was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was reviewed and approved by The Ethics Review Committee of the School of Public Health, Fudan University (IRB#2023-02-261). Since the data we used came from two anonymized and secondary databases, human participants were not directly involved in the study, and the informed consent was exempted by The Ethics Review Committee of the School of Public Health, Fudan University.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
