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Authors
Li, Ji
Mei, Zihan
Li, Lin
Dong, Xiaochun
Li, Yue
Liu, Zhengkun
Yuan, Jinyue
Sun, Xiaohan
Yan, Xiangyu
Zhang, Ying
Cao, Chunxia
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Training program of public health talents in China
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Article History
Received: 23 August 2025
Accepted: 17 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin University (Approval No. TJUE-2024-004). The requirement for obtaining informed consent was waived by the committee as the research involved a retrospective analysis of fully anonymized public health surveillance data, in accordance with applicable guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
