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Authors
Karam, David https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9035-8367
Haddad, Chadia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-2684
Sacre, Hala https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6547-6251
Hatem, Rana https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6645-798X
Sakr, Fouad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-5814
Bou Malhab, Sandrella https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3950-3022
Gerges, Clara https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9469-2731
Youssef, Dalal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3085-6849
Eid, Roy https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0427-0924
Chkayban, Georgia https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3346-5133
Hajj, Aline https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-6033
Ghostin, Marguerite https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4853-0030
Salameh, Pascale https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4780-0772
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Article History
Received: 4 December 2025
Accepted: 2 May 2026
First Online: 15 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was conducted by the Lebanese International University – Ethics and Research Committee (approval number: 2025ERC-010-LIUSOP). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study, assured of confidentiality, and provided electronically consent prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and respondents could withdraw at any time without consequence.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
