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Authors
Fili, Romina https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0705-8007
Behmanesh, Fereshteh https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5837-4265
Nikbakht, Hossein-Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8556-431X
Omrani, Atefeh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4264-722X
Nazmi, Sana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7005-2717
Farahani, Leila Amiri https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3691-8246
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Babol University of Medical Sciences (724134896)
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Article History
Received: 30 December 2025
Accepted: 23 May 2026
First Online: 1 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Babol University of Medical Sciences (Approval Code: IR.MUBABOL.HRI.REC.1401.238). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants in both the quantitative and qualitative phases were informed about the purpose of the study, assured of confidentiality, and provided written informed consent prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and respondents could withdraw at any time without consequence.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
