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Authors
Menanzambi, Trésor Bayebila https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2734-3148
Pirard, Catherine
Kabuaya, Cédric Ilunga Wa
Phuati, Adelard Mbenza
Makola, Manix Mayangi
Mpasi, Jean Nsangu
Djang’eing’a, Roland Marini
Kindenge, Jérémie Mbinze
Charlier, Corinne
Dufour, Patrice
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Académie de recherche et d'enseignement supérieur
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Article History
Received: 29 December 2025
Accepted: 23 May 2026
First Online: 1 June 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was conducted by the National Health Ethics Committee in the Democratic Republic of Congo (401/CNES/BN/PMMF/2022). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study, assured of confidentiality, and provided written consent prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and respondents could withdraw at any time without consequence.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
