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Authors
Zhang, Kai
Zhang, Yi
Kong, Weizheng
Hu, Xiaolin
Chai, Lirong
Zhang, Dongfeng
Fan, Junning https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-4023
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82304226)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QH188)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M731839)
Mount Taishan Scholar Youth Program (No.tsqn202306179)
Qingdao Postdoctoral Innovation Project (QDBSH20230102012)
Qingdao University Scientific Research Startup Fund (DC2200002531)
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Article History
Received: 19 November 2025
Accepted: 24 June 2026
First Online: 8 July 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was conducted by the Institutional Review Board at Peking University (IRB approval number: IRB00001052-11015) and each respondent provided informed consent form. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study, assured of confidentiality, and provided written consent prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and respondents could withdraw at any time without consequence.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
