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Article History

Received: 18 May 2025

Accepted: 12 August 2025

First Online: 24 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The study involved minimal risk and did not include any intervention or collection of sensitive personal data. Therefore, ethical approval was not sought, in line with institutional guidelines for non-invasive behavioral research. Participation was entirely voluntary, and informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. No identifying information was collected, and anonymity was ensured throughout the study.

: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants. No identifying images or personal details are included in the manuscript that compromise participant anonymity.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.