Ahmed, Areej https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8499-7455
Haris Fadzilah, Asmaul Husna https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1993-517X
Ahmed, Rukhsar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2709-3492
Ahmed, Urooj https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2081-2623
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak)
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak)
Article History
Received: 28 May 2025
Accepted: 13 June 2026
First Online: 23 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and Consent to participate: Not applicable.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Clinical trial: This study does not involve any clinical trial.