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Article History

Received: 19 November 2024

Accepted: 31 January 2025

First Online: 11 February 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines outlined in the *Declaration of Helsinki* by the World Medical Association and the *Regulations for Ethical Review of Biomedical Research Involving Humans* issued by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University (Approval No. 2022–389, dated April 29, 2022), and was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No. ChiCTR2300074573, dated October 8, 2023) (). The first group of participants was enrolled on August 19, 2023, and the trial was retrospectively registered on August 21, 2023. All participants and their family members were informed about the study and signed an informed consent form prior to surgery. A dedicated researcher explained the study’s purpose, procedures, and potential risks in a private setting, allowing ample time for questions before consent was obtained.

: The authors declare no competing interests.