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Authors
Kim, Yoon Yi
Won, Kyung Jong
Kim, Do Yoon
Yoo, Da Yeon
Lee, Hwan Myung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3829-7893
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Article History
Received: 11 October 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Declarations
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: All experiments associated with VSMC isolation and culture were performed in accordance with the institutional guidelines of Hoseo University, Korea (Approval number and date: HSUIACUC-24-029; July 15, 2024). All experiments associated with aortic ring assay were performed in accordance with the institutional guidelines of Hoseo University, Korea (Approval number and date: HSUIACUC-24-030; July 15, 2024).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
