Document is current

Article History

Received: 22 August 2024

Accepted: 22 December 2024

First Online: 26 December 2024

Declarations

:

: Any activity performed in studies involving humans was performed according to ethical standards, institutional and/or national research committees, and the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Ethical clearance was obtained from Debre Markos University, College of Health Sciences Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (IRERC) with ethical approval number HSC/R/C/Ser/Co/222/11/13. As the collected data is secondary and not directly obtained from patients, formal written or oral consent is not required. However, each hospital's medical director communicated orally and provided a formal letter of cooperation to the department responsible for data collection. In addition, a permission was obtained from the medical directors of both Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals by ensuring that patient information was anonymized and no identifiable information was included in the data analysis or reporting to keep privacy and confidentiality. Moreover, the unit staff (i.e., card room workers, surgical ward and operating room staff) were informed about the purpose of the study. Besides this, COVID-19 precaution measures were undertaken throughout the data collection period.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.