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Authors
Zhang, Jiajia
Jia, Xiuqin
Li, Haibin
Yang, Qi
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Article History
Received: 4 March 2025
Accepted: 22 June 2025
First Online: 4 July 2025
Declarations
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: The CHARLS was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Review Committee of Peking University (IRB00001052-11015 for the main household survey and IRB00001052-11014 for biomarker collection). Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
