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Authors
Jiang, Siqi
Xu, Lingyu
Li, Chenyu
Wang, Xinyuan
Guan, Chen
Wang, Yanfei
Che, Lin
Shen, Xuefei
Xu, Yan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81970582)
the Qingdao Key Health Discipline Development Fund
the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province (tstp20230665)
the Qingdao Key Clinical Specialty Elite Discipline
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Article History
Received: 8 April 2025
Accepted: 17 July 2025
First Online: 23 July 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (IRB:QYFYWZLL29210). Given that all private patient information was de-identified and the study posed minimal risk to participants, the requirement for informed consent was waived.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
