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Authors
Huang, Liuyun
Xie, Mingjie
Li, Ling
Qin, Yuanyuan
Cai, Qingjiang
Feng, Biheng
Huang, Debin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University's 2024 Hospital Self-Set Scientific Research Cultivation Project—Clinical Nursing Research Climbing Plan (YYZS2023018)
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Article History
Received: 29 April 2025
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 22 August 2025
Declarations
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: Ethics approval and consent to participate: CHARLS study is an open dataset. The CHARLS was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Peking University (IRB 00001052-11015) and all participants signed an informed consent. The research protocol was designed under the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
