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Authors
Wu, Rui https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5352-4506
Xing, Bo
Zhou, Zijun
Huang, Yuting
Yu, Liming https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5953-5016
Wang, Huishan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6523-7488
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Article History
Received: 30 May 2025
Revised: 15 August 2025
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 15 September 2025
Declarations
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: The review boards of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center approved the use of the MIMIC-IV database. Since the participants in the study were anonymized and deidentified, this study was exempt from the requirements for ethical approval and informed consent.
: All the authors agree to publish this work.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
