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Cardiovascular disease mortality risk among patients with metastatic melanoma before and after the approval of immunotherapy in the United States: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database-based study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03255-2

Published Online: 2025-10-15

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Luo, Xiaoqin

Niu, Jiaying

Zhang, Yufeng

Jia, Yanni

Wang, Qiannan

Li, Yuanyuan

Wang, Yonghuan

Li, Jinglian

Li, Zhenhua

Yan, Rui

Li, Sijin
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

National Natural Science Foundation of China (82027804)

Shanxi Province Higher Education "Billion Project" Science and Technology Guidance Project
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-10-15

Version of Record valid from 2025-10-15
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Article History

Received: 24 April 2025

Accepted: 22 September 2025

First Online: 15 October 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: Its publication is approved by all authors. All authors are in agreement with the content of the manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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