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Authors
Li, Chuanxiong
Zhang, Lei
Zhang, Xiaoyu
Sun, Tong
Ruan, Qianwen
Qiu, Meihua
Pan, Lei
Wang, Binyang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Yunnan University Medical Research Foundation (No. YDYXJJ2024-0036)
Funded by Chengdu Municipal Health Commission - Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Joint Innovation Fund (WXLH202403274)
General Project of Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2025ZNSFSC0778)
Funded by the University-College Joint Foundation of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine (NO.XYLH2024021)
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Article History
Received: 13 August 2025
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 10 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was performed according to the guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration. The use of the MIMIC-III and MIMIC-IV databases was approved by the review committee of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. MIMIC-IV database and MIMIC-IV database are publicly available, therefore, the ethical approval statement and the requirement for informed consent were waived for this study.
: Publicly available datasets used in this study can be downloaded from the mimic-IV database and mimic-III database ( ). Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
