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Authors
Zhao, Jianfeng
Li, Zhitao
Fu, Shi
Fu, Mingjie
Fu, Qinghui
Fu, Shuiqiao
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Article History
Received: 24 April 2025
Accepted: 9 November 2025
First Online: 23 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Furthermore, it is important to note that the MIMIC-IV database received approval from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. The copies of the datasets used in this study are available from the MIMIC database. Consequently, this research trial did not require ethical approval or the acquisition of informed consent. The Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School determined that the study did not require ethical approval and consent for this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
